This article presents a detailed, step-by-step walkthrough of the First Edition combat process, using a sample dungeon encounter to illustrate how surprise, initiative, spellcasting, movement, and combat resolution function in play. Where appropriate, notes identify the specific rulebook sections from which each procedure is drawn.

Combat is a central feature of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons (AD&D). Although the rulebooks present combat as an orderly, segmented procedure, the texts themselves contain gaps, ambiguities, and overlapping subsystems that can lead to confusion—particularly where movement, initiative, surprise, and spellcasting intersect. As a result, the practical conduct of melee combat is often left to inference rather than explicit instruction.

As most players know, many rules in AD&D are notoriously difficult to grasp. The causes range from unclear writing to typographical errors to poor organization. This article sheds light on some of the game’s more arcane and perplexing rules, explaining how they function and, in some cases, the rationale for their inclusion. Often, multiple sources must be consulted to uncover the official answer. To facilitate this, page numbers are cited throughout the text.

Alignment is a cornerstone of Dungeons & Dragons (D&D). Its concepts of player morality and ethics are integral to many aspects of the game,